What are probiotics?
Probiotics contain living microorganisms that may help to repopulate or balance the gut microbiome of the host (1). An accepted definition of probiotics is ‘live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer health benefit on the host’ (2) They can be found in foods, such as kimchi or yoghurt, or taken in the form of a supplement (1).
Although probiotics are most well-researched in their ability to help with gut issues, like irritable bowel syndrome, there are a whole range of additional potential health benefits that have received attention in the research world (1). One of these areas of interest is the benefits of probiotic supplementation during pregnancy (1).
Claims versus Evidence
Let’s take a closer look at some of the health claims for the use of probiotics during pregnancy, and assess the level of evidence available to support these claims.
Safety of Peri- and Postnatal Probiotic Supplementation
Generally, the use of probiotic supplements is considered safe during pregnancy, breastfeeding, and even in the first months of an infant’s life (6). Although there are relatively few studies specifically on the safety of probiotic supplementation, the studies that do exist so far most often report no negative side effects and no increased infection development for those who supplement with a probiotic during pregnancy, or after giving birth (5).
Important Note
The success of probiotic supplements depends on a variety of characteristics in the individual, including genetics, presence or absence of disease, metabolism, lifestyle behaviours, and the intake of other supplements or drugs (4). It is also important to note that different probiotic strains may offer different benefits, so it is always best to seek help from a health professional for guidance on the best supplement for you.
Keywords: Probiotics, immunity, supplementation, pregnancy, disease, diabetes, pre-term labour
References
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